Individuals can develop diabetes due to adequate/no
production of insulin by the pancreas or the pancreas produces ineffective
insulin which can also be called insulin resistance.
Under normal circumstances glucose in the blood
is supposed to enter the body’s cells for utilization. However, the occurrence
of any of the above –mentioned causes sabotages it from taking place. The
non-utilization of blood glucose leads to an unhealthy build-up.
Individuals who experience the above
consequentially have frequent episodes of urination referred to as polyuria.
They also experience increased thirst (polydipsia) as a result of the frequent
urination and as well have polyphagia which is increased hunger.
What is?
Insulin:
It is a
hormone produced and secreted by the pancreas. It’s release is vital for
utilization (by the body’s cells) of glucose from digested carbohydrates
found in the foods you eat. Simply put, for the body to generate energy from
the foods that you eat, insulin is the pilot needed.
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What is?
Pre-diabetes:
The vast majority of patients with type 2 diabetes initially had pre-diabetes.
Their blood glucose levels where higher than normal, but not high enough to
merit a diabetes diagnosis. The cells in the body are becoming resistant to
insulin.
Studies have indicated that even
at the pre-diabetes stage, some damage to the circulatory system and the
heart may already have occurred.
SOURCE: Medicalnewstoday.com
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TYPES OF DIABETES
Type 1 (insulin-dependent)
This type of diabetes is caused by the inability
of the pancreas to produce insulin with sufferers having to take insulin
injections for the rest of their lives upon diagnosis.
Type 1 diabetes develops in a person from early adulthood or teenage years and thus sometimes referred to as juvenile or early-onset diabetes.
People with Type 1 diabetes have to keep a close watch on their blood glucose levels by performing regular checks and adopting a special diet.
Type 1 diabetes develops in a person from early adulthood or teenage years and thus sometimes referred to as juvenile or early-onset diabetes.
People with Type 1 diabetes have to keep a close watch on their blood glucose levels by performing regular checks and adopting a special diet.
Type 1 diabetes is believed to take-up a 10%
share of all diabetes cases worldwide.
TYPE 2
This type of diabetes manifest in individuals
due to either inadequate production of insulin or the ineffectiveness of the
produced insulin. The chances of treatment and management among persons with
this type is higher those with type 1.
Class of persons at higher risk
of developing type 2 includes;
● Overweight
and obese people.
● People
with central
obesity also known as belly
fat or abdominal
obesity.
● Aged
● Close
family relatives with type 2 diabetes.
Chemicals that affect the normal functioning of
the cardiovascular and digestive systems are released in people who are
overweight. Also, lack of physical activity and the eating of un-healthy foods
can increase your risk of developing type 2 Diabetes. Simply put, comparatively the risk for developing type 2 diabetes is
higher in overweight persons than those with healthy weights.
Most people record higher control successes of
their type 2 Diabetes by losing
weight, adopting a healthy
diet plan, increasing their physical activity and generally monitoring
their blood glucose levels by performing regular check-ups.
The unhealthy scenario of others is they having
to resort to taking insulin in tablet form. Type 2 diabetes in persons gradually
gets worst and is thus, called a progressive
disease.
STUDY PROVEN
A study report in the journal Diabetologia, says drinking just one can of soda (non-diet) per
day can raise our risk of developing type 2 diabetes by 22%. Researchers from
the Imperial College of London believe that, rather than just a consequential
result of increase in body weight, the negative effect of sugary soft drinks
on the risk of developing diabetes may be a direct.
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As we add more years to our old, so
does our risk of developing type 2 diabetes with reduced physical activity and weight
gain being the probable causes.
Origins of African, Middle-Eastern
and Asian descent have increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes if close
family relatives had/have it.
About 90% of all diabetes cases worldwide
are type 2 diabetes.
GESTATIONAL DIABETES
About 10-20% of all women who suffer this kind
of diabetes will ultimately need to take insulin-related medications.
This type of diabetes occurs during pregnancies
in females as result of uncontrolled levels of glucose in the blood. Poor diet
choices during the period of gestation can lead to alleviated measures of blood
glucose resulting from the inability to produce enough insulin to get it into
the body’s cells.
Scientists
from the National Institutes of Health and Harvard University found that women
whose diets before becoming pregnant were high in animal fat and cholesterol
had a higher risk for gestational diabetes, compared to their counterparts
whose diets were low in cholesterol and animal fats.
Good exercise and a healthy diet regime is a
sure recommend that has records of good success in woman trying to control
their diabetes. Neglected signs of this type of diabetes can lead to birth complications
with the baby becoming bigger than he/she should be.
DIABETES AS A METABOLISM DISORDER
Metabolism is process whereby our body’s makes
use of digested foods for growth and energy. Diabetes is classified as metabolism
disorder.
When we eat foods that contain carbohydrates,
digestion produces glucose.
This is moved into the blood for onward supply
to our body’s cells for utilization. The driver for the later journey is
insulin and its absence means glucose will not be able to enter the cells. Our blood
glucose-levels increase after eating and subsequently are supposed to drop
after our cells have received its supply. This does not happen in diabetics due
to inadequate production of insulin, effective insulin or inability of our
pancreas to produce it at all.
A person with repeated chapters of hyperglycemia
(elevated glucose levels) has all his/her resultant glucose passed through
urine.
He/she eat and generate glucose but is not able
to make use of it for optimum growth as well as meet their energy requirements.
CHECK-LEVELS FOR DIABETES DIAGNOSIS
- The A1C test
- at least 6.5% means diabetes
- between 5.7% and 5.99% means pre-diabetes
- less than 5.7% means normal
- The FPG
(fasting plasma glucose) test
- at least 126 mg/dl means diabetes
- between 100 mg/dl and 125.99 mg/dl means pre-diabetes
- less than 100 mg/dl means normal
An abnormal reading following the FPG means the patient has impaired fasting glucose (IFG)
- The OGTT (oral
glucose tolerance test)
- at least 200 mg/dl means diabetes
- between 140 and 199.9 mg/dl means pre-diabetes
- less than 140 mg/dl means normal
An abnormal reading following the OGTT means the patient has impaired glucose tolerance (IGT)
- SIMPLE CRUDE TEST
Urinating on an ant
hill and observing if the ants come gathering round your urine (this is not a
recommended diagnosis).
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This article was reviewed on Sunday, 26th August, 2016 By Nu. Sallah Stanley Kwesi (Nutritionist at Nutritional Talk)
This article was reviewed on Sunday, 26th August, 2016 By Nu. Sallah Stanley Kwesi (Nutritionist at Nutritional Talk)
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